Meninjau Perkembangan Teknologi NLP dan LLM dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Percakapan serta Pemahaman Konteks oleh Chatbot
Abstract
Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan mendorong meningkatnya penggunaan chatbot sebagai media interaksi digital yang lebih cepat, adaptif, dan mudah diakses. Topik ini dipilih karena chatbot semakin berperan dalam layanan informasi, pendidikan, dan berbagai sistem berbasis bahasa alami. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Grounded Theory Literature Review (GTLR) untuk mengidentifikasi pola tematik dalam literatur dan memahami arah perkembangan chatbot. Melalui proses kategorisasi, penelitian ini menemukan adanya pergeseran dari model NLP konvensional menuju model generatif berskala besar yang mampu menghasilkan respons lebih natural dan kontekstual. Hasil lainnya menunjukkan bahwa sektor pendidikan merupakan domain dengan tingkat pemanfaatan chatbot paling dominan, sementara sektor pemerintahan masih memiliki keterwakilan rendah. Temuan tersebut menggambarkan bahwa adopsi chatbot sangat dipengaruhi oleh kebutuhan dan kesiapan masing-masing sektor. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman mengenai perkembangan teknologi chatbot serta ruang penelitian yang masih terbuka untuk implementasi pada bidang yang kurang terwakili.
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